Elements of sustainable design are integral to vernacular architecture that have evolved over time using local materials and technology emerging from ambient natural and cultural environment creating. Pdf vernacular architecture as a model for contemporary. Vernacular architecture in rural egypt stretches on the banks of the river nile, it used to mainly consist of one to two floor buildings made of clay, those buildings were houses for the poor peasants as shown in fig 1. Arch, semvi, secc introduction location of orissa odisha is a state which lies on the east coast of the indian subcontinent. Greater attention has been paid to conserving monumental architecture representing centres of power and authority, such as temples, forts. After the 1952 revolution, changes occurred due to the. In the eastern region of orissa, hardcrust laterite is cut. Paul oliver vernacular architecture archival collection finding aid 3 collection overview the paul oliver vernacular architecture archival collection is stored in a total of 190 boxes, plus 3 oversize boxes. Passive design strategies in vernacular architecture bharath. Vernacular buildings are typically simple and practical, whether residential houses or built for other purposes. Doc evolution of temple architecture in orissa laxmi. Other saivite and vaisnavite temples in orissa represent both rekha and pidha types.
The quest for a deeper approach of contemporary architecture to nature sometimes conceals the achievements of the past. The architecture of orissa is mainly noted in its temple architecture. Vernacular architecture agriculture religion and belief. In odisha, vernacular architecture still exists and people are still using vernacular architecture with some indigenous technologies. Yet, vernacular architecture is an underrepresented area of study and efforts at heritage conservation. Ewemade department of architecture, obafemi awolowo university, ileife, nigeria abstract ileife is worldfamous for its sculptures, and for the pivotal role it plays in defining black culture.
As we said earlier, vernacular architecture is made by the society it serves. Varahi temple of chaurasi in puri district and gouri temple of bhubaneswar are two glaring examples of khakhara temple. Vernacular journal of midas architecture college by midas. Nagaland is home to a range of colourful tribes, such as angamies, tangsas, chakesangs, and so on. How vernacular architecture used to be in the past. Methodology the vernacular and urban dwellings are. The history of odisha art and architecture is dating from 261 b. Birabalabhadrapur, founded in the 1650s by raja balabhadra deva, is. Influence of vernacular architecture in evolution of. Examples of vernacular architecture in maharashtra gondia nagpur the houses varied from small single storied mud structures to three or even more.
Literacy sources, sanskrit and pali furnish indubitable evidence of the existence of a highly developed art other than sculptures in preashokan magadha. So in india, odisha with its fascinating series of temples, form an exciting area to study the evolution of temple architecture. The general building tradition in the area uses clay walls plastered on a bamboo framework or rammed earth. The architecture of odisha is rich, varied and emblematic of its history and culture. Traditional bamboo architecture in india literature survey problems and. General strategies for satisfactory seismic performance of vernacular housing construction are summarized below. Most of the indian religious philosophies and rituals believe in idol worshiping and from the ancient time, temple has been playing an important role in the society. But it best serves its purpose with all the social, climatic, aesthetic, and function facets in mind. Vernacular architecture is architecture characterised by the use of local materials and knowledge, usually without the supervision of professional architects. Pdf climate responsive design for comfortable living in. This project was set up to document the settlement pattern, architectural forms, construction methods and building processes of a number of distinct types of village in orissa.
The temple is attributed to king narasimhadeva i of the eastern ganga dynasty about 1250 ce dedicated to the hindu sun god surya, what remains of the temple complex has the appearance of a 100foot 30 m high chariot with immense. Changes in culture and architecture from vernacular. Vernacular architecture tends to evolve over time to reflect the environmental,culturaland historical. The need for a comprehensive investigation of kerala vernacular architecture and its. Vernacular architecture village dwellings, birabalabhadrapur, orissa nilambarpur the settlment of birabalabhadrapur, 8 km north of puri, is a set tlement built in the 1650s comprising of around 120 households is a good example of climate responsive architecture that emphasizes the use of local materials. Vernacular architecture of handloom sari weavers in india. The coastal region in orissa is characterized by high temperature and humidity and a high. Climate responsive design for comfortable living in warmhumid climate. Atlas of vernacular architecture of the world pdf 12 by. Konark sun temple surya mandira is a thcentury ce sun temple at konark about 35 kilometres 22 mi northeast from puri on the coastline of odisha, india. Wood was the basic material of mauryan architecture. The pillars and fortifications of the ancient city of pataliputra were all of wood and revealed workmanship of a high order. Practice, research and advancement in south asian design.
Rural tourism brings total protection along with the recovery of the rural economy. Author a is a practising architect and a visiting faculty at school of planning and architecture bhopal, m. The term vernacular is derived from the latin word vernaculus, meaning domestic,native,indigenous. Vernacular building is the traditional and natural way by which communities house themselves. Download as pptx, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. The jagannath temple is the largest temple of orissa and possesses a dozens of structures in its complex. In the formative period of orissan temple architecture there were only two structures of. The first section focuses on specific traditional materials and architectural elements, their. Solution to a more sustainable future a dissertation submitted to the scott sutherland school of architecture and built envi ronment, robert gordon university, for the. Vernacular architecture has been evolved through a process of trial and error for ages. Vernacular architecture is, by its definition, aim and structure, the most.
Special issue on traditional materials and construction. In this present volume mostly examples of rural houses and farm buildings are introduced. Vernacular architecture is a term used to categorize methods of construction which use locally available resources and traditions to address local needs. The whe reports on vernacular earthquakeresistant housing have provided an opportunity to share information on the best practices for building simple, lowcost earthen, masonry, or timber houses to achieve optimal seismic performance. The vernacular forms for building are those that have existed in the region in their primitive forms, for example, weaving of silk fabrics sometimes cotton yarn is used in a sloping roof surface to bear rainfall. Vernacular architecture as a model for contemporary. The temple architecture architecture in odisha found its supreme expression in the form of temples, some of which are among, finest in the country. The region has a rich tradition of climate responsive vernacular architecture based on. The river planes, in the states of bihar, bengal and orissa house built with bamboo. It may be religious or sociocultural point of view, construction of temples has. Contemporary bamboo architecture in india and its acceptability.
Although it encompasses 95% of the worlds built environment, vernacular architecture tends to be overlooked in traditional. Thus with the topic of the traditional house a section of the vernacular. Vernacular architecture is a category of architecture, based on localized needs and construction material, and reflecting local traditions. But a thorough study of odishan vernacular architecture answers it with a different notion. Pdf influence of vernacular architecture in evolution of. It explores not only the traditional vernacular, but also how this is changing in response to external influences and modernisation. This project was set up to document the settlement pattern, architectural forms, construction methods and building processes. The main temple structure is of 65m in altitude and is built on an elevated ground. All forms of vernacular architecture are built to meet specific needs, accommodating the values, economies and.
Paul oliver vernacular architecture archival collection. Technology adapted the vernacular architecture and construction methods have developed through the local innovation and availability of building material. Vernacular architecture approach to achieve sustainability. Vernacular architecture of orissa research cardiff university. This paper gives a brief overview of vernacular architecture. In shortterm such initiatives look really good but in longterm, it just kills some proficient practice, culture, tradition, and knowledge. Unknowingly, the architecture and building community is responsible for almost half of all greenhouse gas emissions annually. Influence of vernacular architecture in evolution of temple forms of odisha shaswat sekhar sarangi assistant professor department of architecture nit raipur c. The first world atlas ever compiled on vernacular architecture, this comprehensive work illustrates the variety and ingenuity of the worlds vernacular building 3 jun 2016 20 sec. Encyclopedia of vernacular architecture tag archdaily. A case for conservation of the sustainable vernacular. Vernacular architecture of orissa research cardiff. Of these, three are most famous the lingaraja temple at bhubaneswar 11th century, the jagannath temple at puri 12th century and the great sun temple at konark th century. Vernacular architecture of west bangal authorstream.
Changes in culture and architecture from vernacular to. Spaces are arranged about a central space which is the main bedroom. It is a term used to categorise methods of construction which use locally available resources and traditions to address local needs. This study attempts to identify the elements of vernacular architecture in the uae traditional architecture, reread its effect and explain its manifestation quality invitation in the modern architecture. Sustainability has often been a fundamental part of the composition of both tangible and intangible cultural resources. Shikha patidat, aiia brishbhanlali raghuwanshi, march. Early medieval indian history spanning between eighth to thirteenth century a. It is essential in rural tourism to use the vernacular architecture in order to respond to the tourism needs. But places like odisha, jharkhand, chhattisgarh and northeast india, where housing itself is a problem and number of tribal community is large, researching on vernacular architecture remain concealed. Professor at school of planning and architecture, bhopal, m. The styles and shapes used in construction practices of rural areas in odisha are reflected in the. The interaction between tradition and modernity in. Past, present, and future of the vernacular architecture.
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